Le canton Madiago (Tchad), chefferie traditionnelle qui fait l’objet de
cette étude a connu deux dynasties : la dynastie des Oumar de 1910 à 1942
et celle des Moumine de 1942 à nos jours. Cette étude a pour objectif l’analyse des raisons de ce changement qui remet en cause les principes de succession au sein de cette chefferie traditionnelle. Les enquêtes de terrain ont été menées entre Mandelia chef-lieu du canton de Madiago où se trouve cette chefferie traditionnelle et N’Djamena la capitale qui abrite assez des ressortissants du canton de Madiago, membres des deux dynasties. L’échantillonnage est constitué de 60 personnes réparties comme suit : 40 issues des familles royales dont 20 de chaque dynastie ; 20 autres restantes n’appartenant ni à la dynastie des Oumar, ni à celle des Moumine mais ayant passé un long séjour dans le canton de Madiago. Le traitement des informations recueillies a abouti aux résultats selon lesquels, le non-respect des normes successorales est dû d’abord au recrutement des jeunes pour le service à la cour royale, puis à l’immaturité du dauphin Mahamat Ith Oumar et enfin aux qualités de Moumine qui ont valu sa confirmation au poste de chef de canton.
De la dynastie des Oumar à celle des Moumine dans le canton de Madiago au Tchad : des règles successorales violées
Auteur(s)
MG
MEUSNGAR Gédéon
Département d'Histoire, Faculté des Lettres, Arts et Sciences Humaines, Université de Doba - Tchad
Résumé
Abstract
Madiago Administrative Unit (Chad), which is the object of this study, has
seen dynasties: Oumar’s dynasty from 1910 to 1942 and that of Moumine from
1942 to present. This study aims at analysing the reasons of this change, which rejects the principles of succession within this traditional power. The surveys were carried out between Mandelia, i.e. the administrative centre of Madiago Administrative Unit, where this traditional power lies, and Ndjamena, that is Chadian capital city, which has enough people from Madiago, members of both dynasties. The sample is made up of sixty (60) people, shared out as follows: forty (40) from royal families, i.e. twenty (20) from each dynasty. The remaining twenty (20) belong neither to Oumar’s dynasty nor to Moumine’s, yet, they have lived for long time in Madiago. The results of this study revealed that the non-respect of succession norms is due to the enrolment of young people to serve the royal court, then to the lack of maturity of MahamatIth Oumar, the successor, and finally to the qualities of Moumine that enabled him to be confirmed as the head of the administrative unit.
Key words: Dynasty, succession, usurpation, traditional power, Madiago, Chad.
seen dynasties: Oumar’s dynasty from 1910 to 1942 and that of Moumine from
1942 to present. This study aims at analysing the reasons of this change, which rejects the principles of succession within this traditional power. The surveys were carried out between Mandelia, i.e. the administrative centre of Madiago Administrative Unit, where this traditional power lies, and Ndjamena, that is Chadian capital city, which has enough people from Madiago, members of both dynasties. The sample is made up of sixty (60) people, shared out as follows: forty (40) from royal families, i.e. twenty (20) from each dynasty. The remaining twenty (20) belong neither to Oumar’s dynasty nor to Moumine’s, yet, they have lived for long time in Madiago. The results of this study revealed that the non-respect of succession norms is due to the enrolment of young people to serve the royal court, then to the lack of maturity of MahamatIth Oumar, the successor, and finally to the qualities of Moumine that enabled him to be confirmed as the head of the administrative unit.
Key words: Dynasty, succession, usurpation, traditional power, Madiago, Chad.
Mots-clés
Pour citer cet article
GéDéON MEUSNGAR (2019). "De la dynastie des Oumar à celle des Moumine dans le canton de Madiago au Tchad : des règles successorales violées". AFLASH, Vol(5)1, pp. 205-219.