Etat né de la colonisation française, le Tchad a adopté la langue de
ses Maîtres comme langue officielle et langue d’enseignement. Mais, force est
de constater que dans le domaine de l’enseignement, un certain nombre de
facteurs, y compris le manque de la politique linguistique et de matériels
didactiques ainsi que les méthodes d’enseignement, empêchent la bonne maitrise de la langue française. A ces causes, il faut ajouter la multiplicité des langues maternelles qui ne sont pas toujours et toutes prises en compte dans
l’enseignement de la langue seconde. Ainsi, il se trouve qu’en aval, on observe un taux élevé d’échec scolaire ou encore la non-expression spontanée des apprenants qui constitue un indicateur de la non-appropriation de la langue française qui s’explique par la non prise en compte des traits similaires et divergents des première et deuxième langues, du moment et de l’environnement de l’apprenant et même de l’apprenant en question. En outre, la première langue s’acquiert de manière inconsciente alors que la seconde se fait de manière consciente, il faut plutôt, dans la seconde langue, corriger les formes incorrectes qu’enseigner les formes correctes. Cela consiste à amener
l’apprenant à reconstruire son savoir. Ce qui nécessite pour les responsables une réflexion approfondie.
Enseignement de la grammaire française aux enfants Ngambaï du Tchad
Auteur(s)
DM
DOUMPA MIAN-ASMBAYE
Département des Lettres Modernes, Faculté des Lettres, Arts et Sciences Humaines, Université de N’Djaména - Tchad
Résumé
Abstract
A state born of French colonization, Chad adopted the language of its
masters as an official language and language of instruction. But it is clear that in the field of education, a number of factors, including the lack of language policy and teaching materials as well as teaching methods, prevent good mastery of the French language. To these causes, we must add the multiplicity of mother tongues that are not always and all taken into account in the teaching of the second language. Thus, it is found that downstream, there is a high rate of school failure or the spontaneous non-expression of learners, which is an indicator of nonappropriation of the French language, which is due to the fact that similar and divergent traits are not taken into account the first and second languages, the moment and the environment of the learner and even the learner in question. In addition, the first language unconsciously sacrificed while the second language is consciously, but in the second language it is better to correct the incorrect forms of teaching the correct forms. This involves bringing the learner to rebuild his knowledge. This requires for the decision-makers a deep refection.
Key words : Language mother tongue, second language, didactic.
masters as an official language and language of instruction. But it is clear that in the field of education, a number of factors, including the lack of language policy and teaching materials as well as teaching methods, prevent good mastery of the French language. To these causes, we must add the multiplicity of mother tongues that are not always and all taken into account in the teaching of the second language. Thus, it is found that downstream, there is a high rate of school failure or the spontaneous non-expression of learners, which is an indicator of nonappropriation of the French language, which is due to the fact that similar and divergent traits are not taken into account the first and second languages, the moment and the environment of the learner and even the learner in question. In addition, the first language unconsciously sacrificed while the second language is consciously, but in the second language it is better to correct the incorrect forms of teaching the correct forms. This involves bringing the learner to rebuild his knowledge. This requires for the decision-makers a deep refection.
Key words : Language mother tongue, second language, didactic.
Mots-clés
Pour citer cet article
MIAN-ASMBAYE DOUMPA (2019). "Enseignement de la grammaire française aux enfants Ngambaï du Tchad ". AFLASH, Vol(5)1, pp. 71-90.